ASTM D2244-16
計算儀器測量顏色的顏色容差和色差的標準實施規程

Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

被代替

標準號

ASTM D2244-16

發布

2016年

發布單位

美國材料與試驗協會

替代標準

ASTM D2244-21

當前最新

ASTM D2244-23

 

 

引用標準

ASTM D1729 ASTM D4086 ASTM E1164 ASTM E284 ASTM E308 ASTM E805

適用范圍

5.1 The original CIE color scales based on tristimulus values X, Y, Z and chromaticity coordinates x, y are not uniform visually. Each subsequent color scale based on CIE values has had weighting factors applied to provide some degree of uniformity so that color differences in various regions of color space will be more nearly comparable. On the other hand, color differences obtained for the same specimens evaluated in different color-scale systems are not likely to be identical. To avoid confusion, color differences among specimens or the associated tolerances should be compared only when they are obtained for the same color-scale system. There is no simple factor that can be used to convert accurately color differences or color tolerances in one system to difference or tolerance units in another system for all colors of specimens.

5.2 Color differences calculated in ΔE_CMC or ΔE₀₀ units are highly recommended for use with color-differences in the range of 0.0 to 5.0 ΔE*_ab units. Both are appropriate for and widely used in industrial and commercial applications including, but not limited to, automobiles, coatings, cosmetics, inks, packaging, paints, plastics, printing, security, and textiles. The Hunter color difference components ΔL_H, Δa_H, Δb_H, and their color difference unit ΔE_H, are used by the coil coating and aluminum extrusion coating industries, as well as the customers of these users. They are, therefore, included in Appendix X1 for historical purposes and use.

5.3 Users of color tolerance equations have found that, in each system, summation of three, vector color-difference components into a single scalar value is very useful for determining whether a specimen color is within a specified tolerance from a standard. However, for control of color in production, it may be necessary to know not only the magnitude of the departure from standard but also the direction of this departure. It is possible to include information on the direction of a small color difference by listing the three instrumentally determined components of the color difference.

5.4 Selection of color tolerances based on instrumental values should be carefully correlated with a visual appraisal of the acceptability of differences in hue, lightness, and saturation obtained by using Practice D1729. The three tolerance equations given here have been tested extensively against such data for textiles and plastics and have been shown to agree with the visual evaluations to within the experimental uncertainty of the visual judgments. That implies that the equations themselves misclassify a color difference with a ......

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