腦動脈瘤(brain aneurysm)是腦動脈壁的局限性囊性擴張,它會導致致命的血管破裂,世界上每年患病的人數高達50萬。一個國際
科學家小組近日發現了3個與腦動脈瘤風險增加有關的染色體片段,在揭開腦動脈瘤奧秘的道路上邁出了關鍵性的一步。相關論文11月9日在線發表于《
自然—遺傳學》(Nature Genetics)。
出血性中風發生的中值年齡是50歲,而且通常并無預兆。在大多數案例中,這種中風會導致嚴重或致死的腦損傷。由于對內在機理缺乏了解,醫生只能在病發后才能作出反應,而這時大部分傷害已經形成。
美國新當選的副總統約瑟夫?拜登20年前曾患過此病,不過他幸存了下來,且將腦部受到的傷害控制到了最小程度。
在最新研究中,美國耶魯大學醫學院的Murat Gunel和
日本、荷蘭等國科學家一起,掃描了2000個患有顱內動脈瘤和8000個健康個體的
基因組。研究人員發現了3個特殊的染色體片段,其上的普通遺傳突變能顯著增加腦動脈瘤的風險,從而導致中風。這些個體分別來自芬蘭、荷蘭以及日本,各個小組的
檢測結果相似,說明這些突變在不同的人群中均會增加患病風險。
新研究還表明,危險基因突變數的增加會加大患腦動脈瘤的風險,攜帶較多危險基因突變的個體患病風險是常人的3倍。
論文合著者、耶魯大學醫學院的Richard Lifton說:“這些發現提供了基礎性的認識,幫助我們了解一些遺傳和生化變化導致了這個破壞性的腦部疾病,同時也提供了希望——我們有可能在血管破裂發生前進行預防性的治療。”(
生物谷Bioon.com)
原始出處:
Nature Genetics,doi:10.1038/ng.240,Kaya Bilguvar,Murat Günel
Susceptibility loci for intracranial aneurysm in European and Japanese populations
Stroke is the world's third leading cause of death. One cause of stroke, intracranial aneurysm, affects 2% of the population and accounts for 500,000 hemorrhagic strokes annually in mid-life (median age 50), most often resulting in death or severe neurological impairment1. The pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm is unknown, and because catastrophic hemorrhage is commonly the first sign of disease, early identification is essential. We carried out a multistage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Finnish, Dutch and Japanese cohorts including over 2,100 intracranial aneurysm cases and 8,000 controls. Genome-wide genotyping of the European cohorts and replication studies in the Japanese cohort identified common SNPs on chromosomes 2q, 8q and 9p that show significant association with intracranial aneurysm with odds ratios 1.24–1.36. The loci on 2q and 8q are new, whereas the 9p locus was previously found to be associated with arterial diseases, including intracranial aneurysm2, 3, 4, 5. Associated SNPs on 8q likely act via SOX17, which is required for formation and maintenance of endothelial cells6, 7, 8, suggesting a role in development and repair of the vasculature; CDKN2A at 9p may have a similar role9. These findings have implications for the pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy of intracranial aneurysm.
來源:科學網 梅進編譯