| Beginning the Discussion
Middle of the Discussion
Taking Credit For Accomplishments of the Study
Indicating the Novelty of the Study
Noting Similarity in Findings
Noting Differences in Findings
Explaining Why Certain Results Were Obtained
Concluding the Discussion
Discussing Limitations
Possible Applications of the Findings
A Call for Future Studies
Concluding Statement
上面是開始寫討論之前的需要思考的問題，在進行每一部分之前，初級寫手需要注意區分結果和討論的區別：一個主要的區別
The discussion section is that it is characterized by a series of points, rather than facts as in the results section (Swales and Feaks, 2004). These points are interpretive rather than descriptive as in the factual reporting in the results section。
根據以上的區分，我們可以認為討論就是“解釋性的，或者說明性的闡述幾個觀點”，討論的另一個顯著特點是：
Compared to the results section, it tends to be: more abstract,
general, theoretical, related to the real world, concerned with
practical applications and implications, as well as engaged in dialogue
with the larger field of study (Swales and Feaks, 2004). The discussion section is where you will draw
out, delineate and consolidate the meaning of the results, as well as
tactfully dialogue with the broader community of your field and attempt
to build community consensus on the meaning of your findings (Swales and Feaks, 2004)
以上的表述說明，討論部分要和研究結果聯系起來，作者不能“天馬行空”論述一些和自己的研究結果聯系不太大，或者是牽強的理論或者觀點。和研究結
果的具體，特定，并且量化的特點比較起來，討論部分應該體現出對研究結果更普遍的注解或者評論，所以討論中每一個部分往往以陳述作者自己的發現開始：
in general, (over all, on average, by and large, on the whole, etc.) we found that..........
對于整個討論，或者說討論的每一個獨立的部分，：
it may be helpful to think of the discussion as a story, and like other clear and coherent stories, the discussion has a beginning, middle and end (Zeiger, 1999)。
開始：
In the beginning of the story, you will introduce the reader to your
original purpose, and then name your major findings and present results
that support these findings.
中間部分：
In the middle, you may show how other work supports your findings;
report unexpected results; report on the novelty of the your work;
explain conflicting results; suggest why your results are the way they
are; explain how results of other studies do not agree with your
findings, as well as defending your proposed answer against other
possible answers to your main research question.
最后：
At the end of the story, you may also discuss the limits of the
method and validity of the assumptions as well as describing
applications or implications of your findings.
以上就是很概括的描述了寫一個討論部分需要“keep in mind” 的概念。希望對我們寫好英語論文都有點幫助。 | 
