蛋白質Wnt3能幫助大腦重返年輕
日本產業技術綜合研究所近日發表公報說，運動可以刺激腦細胞合成一種名為Wnt3的蛋白質，而這種蛋白質能幫助大腦重返年輕。
公報說，大腦內掌管學習和記憶的海馬區內有神經干細胞。人成年后，神經干細胞仍然能夠不斷產生新的神經細胞，保證海馬區的神經細胞持續更新。不過，人步入老年后，海馬區神經干細胞的細胞制造能力會逐漸減弱，大腦的各項功能也隨之下降。
產業技術綜合研究所的科研人員對比了年老實驗鼠和年輕實驗鼠在大腦海馬區的星形膠質細胞的差異。星形膠質細胞是腦內神經膠質細胞的一種。
科研人員發現，年老實驗鼠的星形膠質細胞生成蛋白質Wnt3的能力明顯下降，只有年輕實驗鼠的約三十分之一。科研人員猜測，Wnt3不足，可能就是大腦神經干細胞功能下降的原因。
在進一步的實驗中，科研人員讓年老實驗鼠短時間跑步。鍛煉后，實驗鼠大腦產生Wnt3蛋白質的能力有了大幅度的提高。隨之，大腦神經干細胞的活動也活躍起來。科研人員說，如果堅持鍛煉，大腦就會重返年輕。
此次成果的論文將刊登于即將出版的《美國實驗生物學聯合會會志》（The FASEB Journal）上
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PMC:
PMID:
Reduction in paracrine Wnt3 factors during aging causes impaired adult neurogenesis
Masahiro Okamoto, Koshiro Inoue, Hiroki Iwamura, Kazuyuki Terashima, Hideaki Soya, Makoto Asashima and Tomoko Kuwabara
Many persistent pain states (pain lasting for hours, days, or longer) are poorly treated because of the limitations of existing therapies. Analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids often provide incomplete pain relief and prolonged use results in the development of severe side effects. Identification of the key mediators of various types of pain could improve such therapies. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hitherto unrecognized cytokines and chemokines might act as mediators in inflammatory pain. We used ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation to induce persistent, abnormal sensitivity to pain in humans and rats. The expression of more than 90 different inflammatory mediators was measured in treated skin at the peak of UVB-induced hypersensitivity with custom-made
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