毒物興奮效應HE與抗衰老研究
王俊 印大中**
蛋白質化學與發育生物學教育部重點實驗室，湖南師范大學生命科學學院，湖南 長沙 410081 中國
摘要 某些毒物在低劑量時對生物體的刺激導致反饋改善的現象，簡稱“毒物興奮效應”(hormetic effects, HE),
是一個近年發展興起的生物細胞及生物體抗應激、抗衰老研究的新領域，其分子機制正在被逐步闡明。某些輕微的生物應激, 如:
熱應激、重力應激、運動應激、損傷應激及限食應激等，也能在生物體內產生一連串的級聯放大效應，進而誘發多種協同的和多效的分子作用，從而對機體健康產生反饋保護的效果。由于導致機體防御能力的增加和大分子損傷的減少，HE在生命平衡系統中起到了重要的“疫苗樣”作用。同時，HE理論也為生物體代謝及平衡的波動范圍，機體的抗應激能力，細胞的適應性和存活率提供了更為廣泛合理的科學解釋。換言之，HE減少了某些環境傷害對“人體平衡態區域”的壓縮，而這種平衡態區域的壓縮就是引起衰老，疾病甚至死亡的最基本原因。因此，健康老齡化也許可以通過這種溫和的周期性HE刺激來實現。
關鍵詞：毒物興奮效應; 抗衰老; 穩態; 長壽; 應激
Hormetic Effects and Antiaging Research*
Wang Jun, Yin Dazhong**
Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology
of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University,
Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.
**Corresponding author: Yin Dazhong, E-mail:
dazhongyin002@126.com
Abstract As a new frontier for anti-stress and anti-aging
research in cells and organisms, the molecular mechanisms of low dose
toxin-stimulated biological modification, namely hormetic effects (HE), have
been gradually clarified in recent years. Some mild stresses, such as heat,
hypergravity, exercise, deterioration and caloric restriction stress, which lead
to biologically benificial effects that are synergistic and pleiotropic, have
strong feedback protection for living oganisms. HE substances, playing a
vaccine-like function, in homeostasis of various lives performed important role
in increasing defense capacity and reducing load of damaged biological
macromolecules. Hormetic strengthening of the homeodynamic space provides wider
margins for metabolic fluctuation, stress tolerance, cellular adaptation and
survival. In other words, hormesis counterbalances the progressive shrinkage of
the homeodynamic space that is an unified index of biological aging,
degenerative diseases, and animal death. Nevertheless, healthy aging may be
achieved following treatments of mild and periodic HE-associated
stresses.
Keywords Hormetic effects (HE); Anti-aging; Homeostasis;
Longevity; Stress
